Paychex (PAYX)
Industrials · $40.9B market cap · SEC CIK 0000723531
ahead of 98% of the S&P 500 · #1 of 79 in Industrials
Next reports on Dec 17, 2026, with analysts expecting $1.30 in earnings per share.
52-week range $85.45 to $127.98. 9% below its 52-week high and 36% above its low.
The case for PAYX
- Earns 47% back on shareholder equity.
- Generated $2.3B of free cash flow in FY2026, 36% of revenue.
- 27% of revenue drops through to net profit.
- Revenue growing 14.0% year over year.
- Pays a 3.0% dividend while you wait.
- Gross margin of 91% absorbs cost shocks.
The case against
- Dividend takes 90% of earnings, leaving little cushion.
- Price/sales of 6.2× is higher than 86% of Industrials companies.
What the score is made of
Each factor is half a curve over reported figures and half a rank among the other Industrials companies (momentum is judged against fixed thresholds only), and the five are blended by weight. The score is where that blend places it in the S&P 500. It describes the last filing and the current price. It is not a forecast.
| Valuewhat you pay for the earnings and cash, against the growth you get | 79 |
|---|---|
| Growthhow fast revenue and earnings are moving, this year and over five | 64 |
| Profitabilityhow much of the revenue becomes profit, and how much of that is cash | 90 |
| Momentumhow the price has behaved lately | 53 |
| Stabilityhow violently it moves, what it owes and what it pays you | 83 |
- Each factor except momentum is half fixed thresholds, half rank among the 79 Industrials companies.
The financials
Revenue growth
Is the business growing? Yes
| Last 12 months | +14.0% |
|---|---|
| Over 5 years | +9.9% a year |
| FY2026 revenue | $6.5B (+17%) |
Free cash flow
Is it generating real cash? Yes, plenty
| FY2026 free cash flow | $2.3B |
|---|---|
| Of revenue | 36% |
| Of profit | 132% |
Profit margins
Is profitability improving? No, slipping
| Gross margin | 91% |
|---|---|
| Operating margin | 39% |
| Net margin, FY25 → FY26 → now | 29.7% → 27.0% → 27.4% |
Debt vs. cash
Is the balance sheet healthy? Yes, the debt is manageable
| Cash | $1.1B |
|---|---|
| Long-term debt | $4.6B |
| Net debt | $3.5B |
| Years to repay | 1.8 yrs |
Valuation
Is the stock price reasonable? Yes, it looks cheap
| P/E | 22.6× |
|---|---|
| Fair P/E for its growth | 29× |
| P/FCF | 17.6× |
| Forward P/E | 18.3× |
| EV / EBITDA | 14.8× |
At 22.6× earnings it trades below the 29× that 11% a year of growth plus a 3.0% dividend would justify. At 17.6× free cash flow it trades well below that same mark.
The financials, five years deep
Pulled from Paychex's XBRL filings on SEC EDGAR. Italic rows are worked out from the others.
| FY2026 | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue growth | |||||
| Revenue | $6.5B | $5.6B | $5.3B | $5.0B | $4.6B |
| Change on the year | +17% | +6% | +5% | +9% | — |
| Free cash flow | |||||
| Free cash flow | $2.3B | $1.7B | $1.7B | $1.6B | $1.5B |
| Of revenue | 36% | 31% | 33% | 31% | 32% |
| Profit margins | |||||
| Operating margin | 38.6% | 39.6% | 41.2% | 40.6% | 39.9% |
| Net margin | 27.0% | 29.7% | 32.0% | 31.1% | 30.2% |
| Debt vs. cash | |||||
| Cash | $1.1B | $1.6B | $1.5B | $1.2B | $370M |
| Long-term debt | $4.6B | $4.5B | $799M | $798M | $798M |
| Net cash (debt) | −$3.5B | −$2.9B | $670M | $424M | −$428M |
What Paychex says it does
Unless we state otherwise or the context otherwise requires, the terms “Paychex,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to Paychex, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries. Overview We are an industry-leading human capital management (“HCM”) company providing comprehensive technology and advisory solutions in human resources (“HR”), payroll processing, employee benefits, and insurance. As of May 31, 2026, we served approximately 840,000 total customers across the U.S. and parts of Europe, of which approximately 800,000 are payroll clients. Paychex was incorporated in Delaware in 1979, maintains dual corporate headquarters in Rochester, New York and Cincinnati, Ohio, and has a fiscal year that ends on May 31st. Effective human capital management requires significant resources and expertise. Organizations face a rapidly evolving employment landscape including an increasing number and complexity of federal,…
Risk factors PAYX lists in its 10-K
- We may not be able to keep pace with changes in technology or provide timely enhancements to our solutions and support
- Our use of AI technology and the incorporation of AI technology into our solutions carries risks and challenges that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects
- We may experience software defects, undetected errors, and development delays, which could damage our relationship with customers, decrease our potential profitability and expose us to liability
- We could be subject to reduced revenues, increased costs, liability claims, or harm to our competitive position as a result of cyberattacks, security vulnerabilities or Internet disruptions
- In the event of a catastrophe, our business continuity plan may fail, which could result in the loss of customer data and adversely interrupt operations
- We may be adversely impacted by any failure of third-party service providers to perform their functions
- We may be exposed to additional risks related to our co-employment relationship within our PEO business
- We may be adversely impacted by changes in health insurance and workers’ compensation rates and underlying claims trends
- We made and may continue to make acquisitions that involve numerous risks and uncertainties
- Our clients could have insufficient funds to cover payments we made on their behalf, resulting in financial loss to us
- Our interest earned on funds held for clients may be impacted by changes in government regulations mandating the amount of tax withheld or timing of remittance
- Our debt obligations may expose us to risks affecting the operation of our business, and our failure to address these risks could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition
- Our business, services, and financial condition may be adversely impacted by changes in government laws and regulations
- Our business and reputation may be adversely impacted if we fail to comply with U.S. and foreign laws and regulations
- Our reputation, results of operations, or financial condition may be adversely impacted if we fail to comply with data privacy and AI laws and regulations
- Failure to protect our intellectual property rights may harm our competitive position and litigation to protect our intellectual property rights or defend against third-party allegations of infringement may be costly
- We are involved in litigation from time to time arising from the operation of our business and acquisitions and, as such, we could incur substantial judgments, fines, legal fees, or other costs
- Our business, results of operations, and financial condition may be impacted by macroeconomic and/or political factors of the U.S. and global economy and such impact could be materially adverse
- We may be adversely impacted by volatility and uncertainty in the political and economic environment
- We may not be able to attract and retain qualified people, which could impact the quality of our solutions and customer satisfaction
- In the event we receive negative publicity, our reputation and the value of our brand could be harmed, and customers may not use our solutions and support, which may have a material adverse effect on our business